The 5th Humanities and Sciences Fusion Symposium "Exploring History with Quantum Beams" was held
The 5th Literary Fusion Symposium Exploring History with Quantum Beams-The Horizon of Literary Fusion Spinned by Accelerators- * 1 was held online from September 9th (Thursday) to September 10th (Friday), 2021. In addition to researchers specializing in quantum beams, archaeological and cultural property science researchers from universities and museums interested in non-destructive analysis, and the general public also gathered at this symposium, and the total number of registered participants is 80. Exceeded. Through the 14 oral presentations, it was a valuable opportunity to have lively discussions across the boundaries of the humanities and sciences.
The 5th Humanities and Sciences Fusion Symposium Exploring History with Quantum Beams-Announcement Page of the Horizon of Humanities and Sciences Spinned by Accelerators
At the High Intensity Proton Accelerator Facility (J-PARC) Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) Muon Scientific Experimental Facility (MUSE), research using muon beams with unique characteristics is being conducted. The Institute of Physical and Structural Research has developed a new non-destructive research method by taking advantage of the world's strongest negative muon beam. This method may be widely used for research on humanities materials such as cultural properties.
On the other hand, various cultural property science studies have been conducted using synchrotron radiation and neutrons. Therefore, leading experts in cultural property research using synchrotron radiation, neutrons, muons, and other quantum beams gathered together to introduce archaeological research and related research, as well as analytical techniques, and to integrate literary science. We have held a symposium * 2 that explores the possibilities of research. This is the 5th time.
First day
First, on behalf of KEK, Mr. Yasuhiro Okada, Director, and on behalf of the organizer, Mr. Nobuhiro Kosugi, Director of the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, made a speech.
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Yasuhiro Okada Text The background of the efforts of Junpei Kubota, Director of the National Institutes for the Humanities (died May 25, 3rd year of Reiwa), which triggered the start of science and fusion research, has different values. He talked about the importance of the activities of the symposium on the fusion of literacy and science, where researchers with a view gather.
Nobuhiro Kosugi, Institute of Materials Structure Science The literary fusion research started by the Institute of Physical and Structural Sciences and the National Museum of Japanese History has been evaluated by the National University Corporation Evaluation Committee established by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and we are supporting it so that it can be continued in the future. I said I would go.
Special lecture
Exploring 4.6 billion years ago with Muon-Asteroid Ryugu Stone Analysis-Osaka University Kazuhiko Ninomiya is the initial analysis of stones collected from the asteroid Ryugu brought back by Hayabusa2, the third largest of which is over 100 mg. However, the hot news that it was done at MUSE came. Since the experimental results are still being analyzed, we introduced the research plan of the asteroid Ryugu, its background, and why the Muon analysis was adopted, along with photographs of the specific experimental setup of the Muon experiment.
1st session
Current status of negative muon non-destructive analysis research at J-PARC Mr. Yasuhiro Miyake, Institute of Materials Structure Science, explaining the principle of muon non-destructive analysis method, and recent research on four research themes such as research on cultural properties conducted at MUSE. Reported the current status of activities and sophistication.
Pottery and DNA Mr. Shinichiro Fujio, National Museum of Japanese History Shinichiro Fujio Pottery of Jomon people with Mitochondrial DNA of Jomon system and pottery of Yayoi people of Toraijin who spread rice cultivation from the Korean Peninsula, even if they were excavated from the same area. A state-of-the-art archaeological study was introduced that revealed that the morphology is different by examining the mitochondrial DNA of bones.
Second session
In the second session, four people gave lectures on whether the black deposits on the stone products excavated from the Tawayama site are the oldest characters in Japan.
Analysis of ink attached to excavated relics Tomonori Okami, Kakihara Archaeological Institute In addition to the knowledge and characteristics of ink such as how to make ink, infrared photography of materials excavated from the Tawayama site, SEM, EDS / EDX, FT- There was a report of non-destructive investigation results by methods such as IR and Raman spectroscopy.
Is it the oldest character on the stone products excavated from the Tawayama site in Matsue city? Matsue City Hall Town Development Cultural Properties Division Buried Cultural Properties Research Office Mr. Yuka Nada Outline of the Tawayama site, details of stone products that are inferred to be inkstones excavated from there, and reports on the black deposits found on it. was there.
Examination of Yayoi period ink calligraphy by Muon non-destructive analysis Mr. Kentaro Minami, Okayama University In addition to the knowledge about cultural properties that may be ink calligraphy discovered in Japan, a new imitation of ink on sand rock Introduced the Muon experiment. Among them, there was a report that it was possible to demonstrate that the ink on the stone product had penetrated to a depth of 10 μm. Mr. Motonobu Antibo, Institute of Materials Structure Science Introduced the results of muon experiments on black deposits on stone products excavated from the Tawayama site. It was reported that the carbon component was infiltrated to a depth of 10 μm, and that the difference between the binder and the chemical component of black ink was planned to be explored from the different X-ray transition probabilities of carbon.
Medieval Bronze Products and Northern Song National Museum of History and Folklore Tsutomu Saito First, I introduced the history of coins in Japan and the history of importing Northern Song. In order to verify the theory that medieval bronze products were made from Hokusungsen, we conducted a component analysis of the metal part under the rust of the sutra tube by the Muon experiment, and further, Hokusungsen and sutra tube, Kamakura Daibutsu, As a result of comparing the lead isotope ratios of medieval bronze products such as umpan, it was estimated that the possibility of this theory is low.
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In addition, technical questions and inquiries were received, so at the end of the first day, an open discussion time was set up in a hurry.
Day 2
1st session
Development of X-ray analyzer at J-PARC MUSE Mr. Motonobu Antibo, Institute of Materials Structure Science Advancement of measuring equipment at MUSE, introduction of target holders for safely providing valuable cultural assets to Muon experiments, Muon There was a lecture on the activation of irradiated materials and the standard of residual radioactivity that can be taken out.
Progress of data collection system for multi-element detector Mr. Satoshi Takeshita, Institute of Materials Structure Science Introducing a new multi-element DAQ data acquisition system that is supposed to be used for 100 elements, and introducing the details of the modification of the DAQ system as a noise countermeasure. bottom.
Second session
Research on Edo culture and analysis of natural science "Ultramarine blue" (archage) and "mud painting" (painting) -Focusing on two studies-Kazumi Mizumoto, Tokyo University of the Arts A scientific study revealed that the blue deposits left on the pottery were a pigment called ultramarine blue, which was also refined in the townspeople of Edo shortly after the industrialization of this color material in France. He introduced a study that showed the possibility and a study that revealed that indigo was used as a blue pigment in mud paintings drawn in the late Edo period. He also stated that he would like to conduct a material survey of "color painting", which is a pattern drawn on the surface of ceramics with a small amount of paint, with muons.
Examination of surface treatment of gold products by negative muon non-destructive analysis-About gold products excavated from Kanzeonji-Mr. Takahiko Kasuna, National Science Museum As a study to examine surface treatment of gold products by negative muon non-destructive analysis, Kisai, Kasu City, Saitama Prefecture Quantitative experiments were conducted on the surface treatment and coloring (coloring) of gold products excavated from the ruins of the castle samurai residence and Kanzeonji Temple in Taishofu City, Fukuoka Prefecture, and compared with the coloring in the Edo period. It was introduced that the surface treatment was performed at a shallower depth of 1 μm or less.
3rd session
Development of non-destructive quantitative analysis method of trace carbon in iron using negative muon Mr. Kenya Kubo, International Christian University There was a lecture on development of non-destructive trace quantitative analysis method of trace carbon in iron using negative muon lifetime method. In particular, we introduced the details of technological development for analyzing the carbon content of Japanese swords on the order of ppm.
Application of neutrons and muons to metal engineering research of Japanese swords Mr. Yoshiaki Oniyanagi, Hokkaido University Investigate the crystal structure inside the sword by neutron Bragg edge imaging, see through voids and coarse-grained inclusions by neutron CT, and have a negative muon life. He introduced the results of examining the carbon concentration in iron by the method.
Current status of high-energy X-ray micro CT using synchrotron radiation and its application to cultural property samples, etc. Mr. Masato Hoshino, High-brightness Photon Science Research Center Current status of high-energy X-ray micro CT using synchrotron radiation and application to cultural property samples, etc. There was a lecture on application. In particular, there was an introduction of high-energy X-ray micro CT in SPring-8 BL28B2 and BL20B2, and an introduction of measurement examples for metal cultural properties such as bimetal swords and iron free figurines.
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Along with the closing remarks of the symposium, Professor Koichiro Shimomura of the Muon Science Research Department of the Institute of Physical and Structural Research explained that he is currently requesting a budget for the newly established Humanities and Sciences Fusion Research Promotion Office.
* 1 When holding the 5th Symposium, we sought to hold it at the National Science Museum in Ueno until the very end, but based on the situation of the spread of the new coronavirus COVID-19 infection and the issuance of an emergency declaration, the participants In order to put health and safety first, we decided to use the online method.Organizer: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Institute of Materials Structure Science Co-sponsored by: Human Culture Research Organization National Museum of History and Folklore, National Science Museum Co-sponsored by: Japan Intermediate Science Society, J-PARC Center, Osaka University Nuclear Physics Research Center, New Academic Area " Encounter between Space Observation Detector and Quantum Beam. Bridge to New Applications. ”, Interdisciplinary Fusion (Osaka University)“ Formation of Next-Generation Muon Analysis Center for New Academic / Industrial Applications ”, SPring-8 User Community ( SPRUC) Cultural Property Study Group
* 2 In fiscal 2019, the 1st Humanities and Sciences Fusion Symposium was held at the National Museum of Nature and Science, and the 2nd Humanities and Sciences Fusion Symposium was held at the Nakanoshima Center of Osaka University. In 2020, the 3rd Humanities and Sciences Fusion Symposium (September 25-26) and the 4th Humanities and Sciences Symposium (January 28-29, 2021) were held online. The 6th Humanities and Sciences Fusion Symposium will be held hybridly from January 7th to 8th, 2022.
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